Spain

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drawio: Spain

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Regulation (EC) No 178/2002, together with Law 17/2011 of 5 July on food safety and nutrition, are the foundations of food safety in Spain.

The Spanish Food Safety and Nutrition Agency (AESAN OA), together with the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA) and the Ministry of Health, is responsible for the coordination of the food safety control systems at national level. Regional authorities are responsible for the implementation of official controls of food safety within their territory.

All the information regarding the organization of the food control system in Spain is included in the Spanish Multiannual National Control Plan, called Plan Nacional de Control Oficial de la Cadena Alimentaria (PNCOCA 2021-2025), available in English in this link.

AESAN OA is an autonomous body belonging to the Ministry of Consumer Affairs and functionally reports to the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.


Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food

Name Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
Acronym MAPA
Activities
  • Agricultural policy, health in primary production
  • Risk assessment
  • Risk management
Responsibilities Animal feed Animal health and welfare Biological hazards and zoonoses Biotechnology and genetic engineering Contaminants Plant health Plant protection products or pesticides Residues of veterinary medicinal products
Location Madrid
URL https://www.mapa.gob.es/en/

The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA) is responsible for agricultural policy, animal health, food safety in primary production, plant health, animal welfare, food quality and fraud control in the food industry. MAPA prepares draft national legislations and is responsible for the coordination of official controls, including import and export controls within the scope of its competency.

MAPA is the national contact point for food fraud and for the RASFF (feed), and is a user of the Administrative Assistance and Cooperation System (AAC system).

MAPA is also responsible for the preparation of the risk assessments of plant protection products residues and animal feed, and is also in charge of regulating the use of plant protection products.

The scope of MAPA’s competencies also covers national decisions on GMOs, through the Interministerial Council on GMOs, on zoonoses as well as on the distribution, prescription, dispensing and use of veterinary medical products. It is also the regulatory authority for pesticides (registration, authorisation and monitoring of use). However, before MAPA authorises the use of pesticides, AESAN OA is consulted with regard to residues in foods, the Ministry of Health is consulted to assess the safety of the user, and MAPA assesses the efficacy of the pesticide in question and its safety for the environment.

MAPA has four National Reference Laboratories, in compliance with Regulation (EU) 2017/625:

  • Central Veterinary-Animal Health Laboratory (Algete)
  • Central Veterinary-Molecular Genetic Laboratory
  • Central Animal Health Laboratory (Santa Fé)
  • EU Reference Laboratory for African Horse Sickness and Bluetongue.


Ministry of Health

Name Ministry of Health
Acronym MS
Activities
  • Public health policy
  • Risk management
Responsibilities Drinking water Plant protection products or pesticides
Location Madrid
URL https://www.mscbs.gob.es/en/sanidad/portada/home.htm

The Ministry of Health (MS) deals with public health policy. Furthermore, the Sub-directorate General of Foreign Health, a dependent body in this Ministry’s Directorate General of Public Health, is responsible for food safety concerning imports and exports and at Border Control Posts (BCPs), including foods of animal and plant origin, food contact materials, and animal by-products for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and medical devices for medical purposes.

The regulatory authority for medicines and medical products for human and veterinary use is the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products, a dependent body in the Ministry of Health.

Ministry of Consumer Affairs

Name Ministry of Consumer Affairs
Acronym MC
Activities
  • Consumer protection
Responsibilities Biological hazards and zoonoses Contaminants Emerging risks Food contact materials and packaging Food ingredients Food supplements Mineral water Nanotechnology Novel foods Nutrition Plant protection products or pesticides Residues of veterinary medicinal products
Location Madrid
URL https://www.mscbs.gob.es/consumo/portada/home.htm

The Ministry of Consumer Affairs (MC) is responsible for consumer protection, the development of consumer affairs policies, and defending the rights of the consumer. It also prepares draft national legislations and is the contact point for RAPEX and a user of the Administrative Assistance and Cooperation System (AAC system). Within the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, AESAN is responsible for all matters relating to food safety.

Spanish Agency for Food Safety & Nutrition

Name Spanish Agency for Food Safety & Nutrition
Acronym AESAN
Activities
  • Risk assessment
  • Risk communication
  • Risk management
  • Codex Contact Point
  • EFSA Focal Point
  • RASFF contact point
Responsibilities Biological hazards and zoonoses Contaminants Emerging risks Food contact materials and packaging Food ingredients Food supplements Mineral water Nanotechnology Novel foods Nutrition Plant protection products or pesticides Residues of veterinary medicinal products
Location Madrid
URL http://www.aecosan.msssi.gob.es

AESAN is the competent authority for the coordination of food safety within the Ministry of Health and for risk assessments.

AESAN is supported by a Scientific Committee comprised of independent external experts in the area of food safety and nutrition who are commissioned to draft risk assessment reports. The Scientific Committee issues updated scientific reports on biological, chemical, technological and nutritional hazards.

AESAN also prepares recommendations for the reduction of risks and identifies new health risks.

AESAN is also responsible for the risk management of biological, chemical and nutritional hazards and participates in decision-making on GMOs in foods in the Interministerial Council on GMOs.

AESAN is the competent authority for all draft legislations relating to the safety of foods available in Spain, which includes the transposition of EU directives into domestic legislation and the preparation of draft legislations at the national level.

It is also the competent authority in matters relating to food safety responsible for the coordination of official controls in Spain, and for the coordination and programming of official controls on food safety. It also prepares the National Official Control Plan and its corresponding annual reports in collaboration with MAPA and MS.

AESAN also acts as the national contact point for RASFF and is a user of the Administrative Assistance and Cooperation System (AAC system).

The remit of AESAN also includes the design and management of communication strategies in relation to food risk, establishing precise mechanisms that facilitate transparent communication of consumer safety risks to the general public, the scientific community and other involved or interested groups.

AESAN’s area of work extends beyond food safety to nutrition, physical activity and healthy eating habits.

AESAN has two National Reference Laboratories in compliance with Regulation (EU) 2017/625. These are the National Reference Laboratory (National Centre for Food (CNA)) and one EU Reference Laboratory for Marine Biotoxins (EURLMB).

Regional and local levels

From an administrative point of view, Spain is organised at the regional and local level into 17 autonomous communities, two autonomous cities (Ceuta and Melilla) and 52 provinces. Some regional food safety authorities conduct risk assessments at the local level. The implementation of official controls for food and feed, animal health, animal welfare and plant health is the responsibility of the regional authorities.

Article 36 institutions

Institutions involved in the EFSA network pursuant to Article 36 Reg. (EC) No. 178/2002
  1. Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition
  2. University Jaume I
  3. ELIKA - Basque Foundation for Agrofood Safety
  4. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
  5. University of the Balearic Islands
  6. Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research
  7. Centre for Agro-Food Economics and Development
  8. Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology
  9. National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology
  10. Complutense University
  11. University of Santiago de Compostela
  12. University of Valencia
  13. University of Leon
  14. Autonomous University of Barcelona
  15. University of Almeria
  16. University of Lleida
  17. Spanish Research Council
  18. University of Seville
  19. University of Castilla - La Mancha
  20. Polytechnic University of Cartagena
  21. Polytechnic University of València
  22. NEIKER - Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development
  23. University of Murcia
  24. University of Granada
  25. University of Barcelona
  26. University of Burgos
  27. University of Vigo
  28. University of the Basque Country
  29. University of Cordoba
  30. Canary Health Service
  31. Rovira i Virgili University
  32. Ministry for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
  33. Institute of Health Carlos III
  34. University of La Rioja
  35. University of Alicante
  36. University of Oviedo
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